Class 11 Biology Chapter 5 Short Notes | Morphology of Flowering Plants
Class 11 Biology – Chapter 5
Morphology of Flowering Plants (Short Notes)
1. Root
The underground part of the plant.
Functions: Absorption of water and minerals, anchorage.
Types:
Tap Root – Found in dicot plants (e.g., mustard)
Fibrous Root – Found in monocot plants (e.g., wheat)
Adventitious Root – Arises from stem or leaves
2. Stem
The ascending part of the plant axis.
Functions: Transport of water and food, bears leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Modified stems: Rhizome, Tuber, Bulb (for storage)
3. Leaf
The main organ of photosynthesis.
Parts: Leaf base, Petiole, Lamina
Types:
Simple Leaf
Compound Leaf
Phyllotaxy (leaf arrangement): Alternate, Opposite, Whorled
4. Inflorescence
Arrangement of flowers on the floral axis.
Types:
Racemose
Cymose
5. Flower
The reproductive organ of flowering plants.
Parts:
Calyx
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium
6. Fruit
Develops from ovary after fertilization.
Types:
Simple Fruit
Aggregate Fruit
Multiple Fruit
7. Seed
A mature ovule containing an embryo.
Types:
Albuminous Seed
Exalbuminous Seed
✨ Exam-Oriented Points
Morphology deals with the external structure of plants.
Flowers are useful in plant identification.
Very important chapter for MCQs and short-answer questions.
👉 These short notes are useful for Class 11 exams, NEET, and other competitive exams.
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